############################################################################## # Python From Scratch # Author: Nilo Ney Coutinho Menezes # Editora Novatec (c) 2010-2025 - LogiKraft 2025 # Site: https://pythonfromscratch.com # ISBN: 978-85-7522-949-1 (Paperback), 978-85-7522-950-7 (hardcover), 978-85-7522-951-4 (ebook) # # File: chapter 09/exercise-09-28.py.py ############################################################################## # As the file format becomes increasingly complex, # we'll use Python's pickle module to save and read the address book. # # Extra challenge: # Modify the program to display a phone management submenu. # This submenu would be displayed when adding and changing phones. # Operations: add new phone, delete phone, change phone import pickle address_book = [] # Variable to mark a change in the address book changed = False phone_types = ["mobile", "landline", "home", "work", "fax"] def ask_name(default=""): name = input("Name: ") if name == "": name = default return name def ask_phone(default=""): phone = input("Phone: ") if phone == "": phone = default return phone def ask_phone_type(default=""): while True: type = input("Phone type [%s]: " % ",".join(phone_types)).lower() if type == "": type = default for t in phone_types: if t.startswith(type): return t # Returns the full name else: print("Invalid phone type!") def ask_email(default=""): email = input("Email: ") if email == "": email = default return email def ask_birthday(default=""): birthday = input("Birthday: ") if birthday == "": birthday = default return birthday def show_data(name, phones, email, birthday): print(f"Name: {name.capitalize()}") print("Phone(s):") for phone in phones: print(f"\tNumber: {phone[0]:15s} Type: {phone[1].capitalize()}") print(f"Email: {email}\nBirthday: {birthday}\n") def ask_filename(): return input("File name: ") def search(name): mname = name.lower() for p, e in enumerate(address_book): if e[0].lower() == mname: return p return None def new(): global address_book, changed name = ask_name() if search(name) is not None: print("Name already exists!") return phones = [] while True: number = ask_phone() type = ask_phone_type() phones.append([number, type]) if confirm("that you want to register another phone") == "N": break email = ask_email() birthday = ask_birthday() address_book.append([name, phones, email, birthday]) changed = True def confirm(operation): while True: option = input(f"Confirm {operation} (Y/N)? ").upper() if option in "YN": return option else: print("Invalid response. Choose Y or N.") def delete(): global address_book, changed name = ask_name() p = search(name) if p is not None: if confirm("deletion") == "Y": del address_book[p] changed = True else: print("Name not found.") def change(): global changed p = search(ask_name()) if p is not None: name, phones, email, birthday = address_book[p] print("Found:") show_data(name, phones, email, birthday) name = ask_name(name) # If nothing is entered, keeps the value for phone in phones: number, type = phone phone[0] = ask_phone(number) phone[1] = ask_phone_type(type) email = ask_email(email) birthday = ask_birthday(birthday) if confirm("change") == "Y": address_book[p] = [name, phones, email, birthday] changed = True else: print("Name not found.") def list(): print("\nAddress Book\n\n------") # We use the enumerate function to get the position in the address book for position, e in enumerate(address_book): # Print the position print(f"\nPosition: {position}") show_data(e[0], e[1], e[2], e[3]) print("------\n") def read_last_saved_address_book(): last = last_address_book() if last is not None: read_file(last) def last_address_book(): try: file = open("last address book pickle.dat", "r", encoding="utf-8") last = file.readline()[:-1] file.close() except FileNotFoundError: return None return last def update_last(name): file = open("last address book pickle.dat", "w", encoding="utf-8") file.write(f"{name}\n") file.close() def read_file(filename): global address_book, changed file = open(filename, "rb") address_book = pickle.load(file) file.close() changed = False def read(): global changed if changed: print( "You haven't saved the list since the last change. Do you want to save it now?" ) if confirm("saving") == "Y": save() print("Read\n---") filename = ask_filename() read_file(filename) update_last(filename) def sort(): global changed # You can sort the list as shown in the book # with the bubble sort method # Or combine Python's sort method with lambdas to # define the list key # address_book.sort(key=lambda e: return e[0]) end = len(address_book) while end > 1: i = 0 swapped = False while i < (end - 1): if address_book[i] > address_book[i + 1]: # Option: address_book[i], address_book[i+1] = address_book[i+1], address_book[i] temp = address_book[i + 1] address_book[i + 1] = address_book[i] address_book[i] = temp swapped = True i += 1 if not swapped: break changed = True def save(): global changed if not changed: print("You haven't changed the list. Do you want to save it anyway?") if confirm("saving") == "N": return print("Save\n------") filename = ask_filename() file = open(filename, "wb") pickle.dump(address_book, file) file.close() update_last(filename) changed = False def validate_integer_range(question, start, end): while True: try: value = int(input(question)) if start <= value <= end: return value except ValueError: print(f"Invalid value, please enter between {start} and {end}") def menu(): print( """ 1 - New 2 - Change 3 - Delete 4 - List 5 - Save 6 - Read 7 - Sort by name 0 - Exit """ ) print(f"\nNames in address book: {len(address_book)} Changed: {changed}\n") return validate_integer_range("Choose an option: ", 0, 7) read_last_saved_address_book() while True: option = menu() if option == 0: break elif option == 1: new() elif option == 2: change() elif option == 3: delete() elif option == 4: list() elif option == 5: save() elif option == 6: read() elif option == 7: sort()